Graphing inequalities on the SAT combines two skills: graphing lines and understanding inequality symbols. Master both and you'll handle these questions confidently.
Step-by-Step Method
- Rewrite the inequality in slope-intercept form ( or similar)
- Graph the boundary line ()
- Solid line for or (includes the line)
- Dashed line for or (excludes the line)
- Shade the correct region
- Shade above for or
- Shade below for or
Worked Examples
Example 1: Graph
- Boundary line: (slope 2, y-intercept )
- Dashed line (strict inequality, )
- Shade above the line
Any point in the shaded region satisfies the inequality. For instance, : . True! So is in the solution region.
Example 2: Graph
- Boundary line: slope , y-intercept
- Solid line ( includes the boundary)
- Shade below the line
Converting from Standard Form
Example 3: Graph
First, solve for :
Now graph with a dashed line through with slope , and shade above.
The Test-a-Point Method
If you're ever unsure which side to shade, pick a test point (usually if it's not on the line):
- Plug it into the inequality
- If the inequality is true, shade the side containing the point
- If false, shade the opposite side
Systems of Linear Inequalities
The SAT sometimes shows a graph with two inequalities and asks which point is in the solution region.
Example 4: Which point satisfies both and ?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Test :
- ✓
- ✓
Answer: (C)
Practice Problems
Problem 1: Which inequality is represented by a dashed line through with slope 3, shaded above?
Solution
(dashed = strict inequality, shaded above = greater than)
Problem 2: Does the point satisfy ?
Solution
. Yes, is true.
Problem 3: Rewrite in slope-intercept form and describe the graph.
Solution
(flip the sign when dividing by negative)
Solid line, slope 2, y-intercept , shaded below.
Key Takeaways
- Solid line = or ; dashed line = or
- Shade above for ; shade below for
- Use a test point if you're unsure which side to shade
- For systems, the solution is the overlap of shaded regions
- Remember to flip the inequality sign when dividing by a negative
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